The Season after Pentecost 2026
"Have you done this service before?" someone asked me at coffee hour on Sunday. We were talking about our upcoming Service of Lessons and Carols for Advent on Sunday, December 11, 2016 at 5:30 p.m..
Of course I had, hadn't I?
But really the answer is no, I haven't. Not exactly.
So I explained that while I had done similar services, I have never actually done the specific liturgy that we will use this Advent.
But I couldn't give her the longer answer. So, here it is.
I'm sort of obsessed with Carol Services (can you tell?). Why? Well, if it came right down to it I'd have to say that the innovation of Lessons and Carols is the apotheosis of the "low church" tradition.
“Lessons and Carols is the apotheosis of the ‘low church’ tradition”
Let's define the terms. Here "Lesson" means a short reading of scripture, though "Short" is relative. A "Carol" can be many things, but historically these are strophic songs (often with a refrain) of a popular or "dance" character on subjects related to Christmas (or Easter, or some other sesason). We will consider the development of carols in relation to these services in part 2.
There's something about the juxtaposition of the familiar and the new that speaks to our spiritual selves. This is especially true if the tradition truly takes hold and you get to hear the same lessons year after year the music offers new commentary, new insight alongside the biblical text. The carols and hymns themselves serve a homiletical function and reinforce each other. Without Sermon or Eucharist, the congregation is allowed to hear in word and music the message of the season and respond with vigorous hymn singing.
I suppose my very first memory of a Carol Service for Advent would have been an order from the Episcopal Church's official Book of Occasional Services (BOS).
There are plenty of lessons to choose from. But if you follow that order literally you have to include the lesson from Gen. 3 about Adam and Eve. And isn't that same lesson typically used at a Christmas Lessons and Carols service? Kind of an odd choice, but okay.
And the Bidding Prayer in that book is ... well ... it's really lousy. It's just the Christmas Bidding Prayer slightly warmed over. It really misses the mark and doesn't speak to Advent at all.
Don't get me wrong, I think I was involved in some lovely services that used the BOS scheme, but I wanted to look elsewhere.
Anyone who has spent any time planning carols for Christmas has stumbled upon the Advent Lessons and Carols information in the back of Carols for Choirs 2 (CfC2) from Oxford University Press.
I've always assumed that the order in CfC2 to be somehow connected to the service in use at King's College, Cambridge. After all, one of the editors of CfC2 was David Willcocks. But information about any of the "Procession for Advent" services, past or present, in that place have not been forthcoming online. (Add to the list of things to research when I take a sabbatical to Cambridge in 2022).
The Bidding Prayer of the CfC2 Advent Carol Service, at least, is substantially better than the one found in BOS. It actually speaks to Advent itself, and is not just a warmed-over Christmas prayer.
Beloved in Christ, as we await the great festival of Christmas let us prepare ourselves so that we may be shown its true meaning. Let us hear, in lessons from Holy Scripture, how the prophets of Israel foretold that God would visit and redeem his waiting people. Let us rejoice, in our carols and hymns, that the good purpose of God is being mightily fulfilled. Let us celebrate the promise that our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, will bring all people and all things into the glory of God's eternal kingdom. The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the Gospel preached to them.But first, let us pray for the world which God so loves, for those who have not heard the good news of God, or who do not believe it; for those who walk in darkness and the shadow of death; and for the Church in this place and everywhere, that it may be freed from all evil and fear, and may in pure joy lift up the light and love of God. These prayers and praises let us humbly offer to God, in the words which Christ himself taught us:
Our Father...
And at this point I thought that I had found a Bidding Prayer and lessons that worked well for the season of Advent.
And then, stupidly, I got in the car at the end of Thanksgiving weekend (the trip from Richmond took about four hours) and attended the Procession with Advent Lessons and Carols at St. Paul's, K Street in Washington, D.C.
This service was transformative. It was exquisite. And it didn't come from BOS or CfC2. It spoke authentically to the season and left nothing out. Furthermore, it incorporated the idea of a Procession (note that the service at King's to this day is called a "Procession for Advent").
Video: The national Episcopal Church very wisely decided to record a video of this service last year which provides a very good documentation of that service, but, like any recording of liturgy, it is truly no substitute for being present and taking part. If you ever have the opportunity to attend, I strongly encourage you to do so!
So I had to go back to the drawing board. I went through every single resource I could find and lay everything out on the table at once. Every possible lesson was examined and considered. Different structures were weighed.
Ultimately I thought that the notion of a Procession was too compelling to discard. If the Lessons and Carols is a "low church" idea (reading, music, repeat) adding the teleology of a liturgical Procession into the proceedings seemed to incorporate some "high church" gravitas without otherwise compromising what is compelling about Lessons and Carols.
It was about this same time that I attended the American Sarum conference in Bronxville, N.Y. which helped clarify my thinking about liturgical processions. Naturally, Salisbury Cathedral figured prominently into the conversation, and that place has their own wonderful Advent Carol Service.
For the new "Advent Procession" service at St. Paul's, Richmond the following year, I wrote the following:
For hundreds of years liturgical processions have marked boundaries – the physical boundaries of the parish, the church – and in so doing invoke the very boundaries between heaven and earth. Such a procession is particularly resonant in the Advent season when we look expectantly toward the celebration of God’s crossing of this very boundary through the Incarnation of Jesus Christ.
For the pattern of the service I tried to read the Greek Revival architecture of St. Paul's, Richmond and determine what route in the building would best tell the Advent story. The service at the English Gothic St. Paul's, K Street with it's divided choir stalls simply wouldn't work in the spacious, 800-seat church in Richmond, with it's Gallery Organ.
Here was the order of service at St. Paul's, Richmond in 2011:
I liked this service, and I think it was the right fit for St. Paul's at the right time. St. Paul's seemed to be a place on the cusp. It had been steadily moving away from it's "low church" heritage and more in line with the liturgical practice put forth in the 1979 Book of Common Prayer. Eucharistic vestments had appeared a decade or so before, Morning Prayer had greatly lessened in prominence, and I understand at the present time incense and a sung Sursum Corda (both rarities in the Diocese of Virginia!) are regular features.
For the next few years the St. Paul's Choir and I were able to explore this order a bit and make it our own.
Now I find myself in a different parish, and I feel the need to "crack this nut" once again. For reasons of space and churchmanship I do not think that another "Procession" is the right answer. So it was back to the drawing board – again.
Continued in "Carol Service - exploring the Advent, part 2"
Labels: Advent, American Sarum, King's College (Cambridge), Lessons and Carols, Salisbury Cathedral, St John's (Cambridge), St Paul's (Richmond), Willcocks
As noted in this space several years ago, the summer months feature some very special musical gatherings all around the world that offer great music. And, via the internet, great opportunities to listen.
I am particularly enjoying the recent broadcast of Evensong from the Southern Cathedrals Festival. It is wonderful singing. Take note that it is the girls of Chichester and Winchester singing the top lines. Not the boys. The Reger introit that opens the service, previously unknown to me, is a delight.
You may also be interested to hear:
Labels: Chichester Cathedral, Gloucester, Hereford, Salisbury Cathedral, Southern Cathedrals Festival, St Thomas (New York), Three Choirs Festival, Winchester Cathedral, Worcester
I posted the following on Facebook last year, and it seems timely to bring it up again -- especially because the recording From Darkness to Light is now available for free streaming on Spotify.
As an early Christmas (Advent?) present to myself, I recently bought "From Darkness to Light". You've probably seen pictures of this service recently (see below, for instance). I have to say that I'm rather captivated by this disc. And yes, I still buy CDs. At first it sounded a bit slow. But as I listened more, I realized that it was all of a piece. The music, the liturgy, and the prayer is all so incredibly intentional, deliberately paced, and rich with meaning. I was particularly struck with the loud introduction of the organ in the service for the appearance of John the Baptist and his infamous cry. And to my listening ear Jeremy Davies's inimitably gracious precenting cannot help but draw one deeply into the liturgy. I found the closing blessing particularly beautiful. I'm struck by the power of this remarkable service -- and I've only listened to it. I can only imagine what the sheer drama of this liturgy would be like in person. This is the kind of experience that makes me so very grateful for the rich heritage of organ and choral music in the Anglican tradition. This is the kind of thing that makes me very glad to be a Christian.
Labels: Advent, Anglicanism, church music, Jeremy Davies, Salisbury Cathedral
When men and women, and children, encounter the divine, when we meet face to face with God, when we find ourselves as it were banging up against holiness, we cannot keep from speaking, from singing, from proclaiming. Our lives are overwhelmed with the need to pray and praise, to lament and cry out, to protest and to question and to adore. And the word we use to describe all of that, is worship. Worship is why you are here. Worship is what cathedral choirs are for. Worship is what Christians do, and we need help and inspiration and the words to say when no words will come, and the harmonies that will lift us up or console us, or help us to deal with all the anger and frustration, all the adoration and wonder and all the bits in between – everything that bubbles up from the heart in that great outpouring of whatever it is that outpours when we recognise that God is here and we are here, and that we need to do something about it.The Rev. Canon Tom Clammer, Precentor, Salisbury Cathedral. Sermon: "What is a choir for?". 20 July 2014.
Labels: Anglicanism, church music, Salisbury Cathedral
Starting today I'm at the American Sarum conference. I'll be tweeting using the hashtag #AmSam.
While is unclear whether tweeting was part of the Sarum rite, this is one of the things I hope to learn at the conference.
Update: 2 Mar: Here, for posterity are my tweets with the hashtag #AmSam
Terrific few days in Bronxville for American Sarum conference. Great to learn so much, spend time with old friends & meet new ones #AmSam 4:13 PM Jan 18th #AmSam dinner (@ J. C. Fogarty's) http://4sq.com/eNLSpH 11:46 PM Jan 17th from foursquare 15th Century Mass recreation #AmSam 9:01 PM Jan 17th Rubrics advanced course #AmSam (@ Blue Moon Mexican Cafe) http://4sq.com/ijBqGb 8:22 PM Jan 17th from foursquare 2 hour session on rubrics beginning #AmSam 6:53 PM Jan 17th Technology can make bridges to modern liturgical principles. #AmSam 4:56 PM Jan 17th We have more resources than Percy Dearmer. Too many really. This is a burden and a blessing. #AmSam 4:54 PM Jan 17th Text is common. Use is specific. Is diversity pastorally advisable? #AmSam 4:50 PM Jan 17th John Austin Baker (frmr Bishop of Salisbury) "Christian Faith" disposes with penal substitution theory of Atonement - Davies #AmSam 4:46 PM Jan 17th Roman Church core is atonement. Sarum Rite (Anglicans) core is incarnation. But it's about theological perspective #AmSam 4:43 PM Jan 17th Gathered circle doesn't leave room for hiding behind pillar. No theological place for choir. #AmSam 3:52 PM Jan 17th Harper: priesthood of all believers: laity need to be formed to shape the liturgy #AmSam 3:52 PM Jan 17th Davies: someone has to make liturgical decisions - that process and input is theological #AmSam 3:48 PM Jan 17th Whirmore: fads are a part of human culture. We have to reach back to find enduring principles in order to go forward #AmSam 3:39 PM Jan 17th Whitmore: Music and liturgy are not separate things #AmSam 3:36 PM Jan 17th Harper: don't draw lines of style. Community has to decide. Start with music of liturgy #AmSam 3:32 PM Jan 17th Liturgy is shaping of sound and silence. Already music. (Harper) #AmSam 3:31 PM Jan 17th Harper: music in liturgy is perhaps our least developed side of theology. #AmSam 3:28 PM Jan 17th Harper: 1906 English Hymnal plainsong. Intended as congregational music. Martin Shaw had a different aesthetic. Look to 1549 music #AmSam 3:27 PM Jan 17th Harper: experience in liturgy is Primary Theology. Early Music grounded in hist principles. Liturgy never static. Always changing #AmSam 3:25 PM Jan 17th Davies: places to go. Staging posts from medieval rite. Enfleshing the theology through liturgy. #AmSam 3:22 PM Jan 17th Davies: at Salisbury we get the chairs out of the way. The people move. Color, texture, darkness, mystery. Moving across thresholds. #AmSam 3:21 PM Jan 17th Davies: liturgical principles come first. Moving away from text. Preparation behind presentation important. Senses engaged. #AmSam 3:19 PM Jan 17th Doig: rich, dense, layered symbolism express the theology being worked out by congregation. Expressions beyond words. #AmSam 3:17 PM Jan 17th Liturgy: orderly, complete, uncluttered by ideas. Reaching back in order to go forward. #AmSam 3:12 PM Jan 17th Generational differences have emptied our churches of people under 35. GenX & Millenials interested in experience #AmSam 3:09 PM Jan 17th Bishop Whitmire: AAM 2003 Indianapolis (after General Convention) was life-giving. Musicians are your best partners in the church #AmSam 3:06 PM Jan 17th Morning Prayer at AAM midwinter conference. Voluntaries by Marcus Karl Maroney (b 1977) and Hindemith #AmSam 1:50 PM Jan 17th American Sarum dinner. Great food. Keeping the roast beef warm on the fireplace. #AmSam (@ Bronxville Field Club) http://4sq.com/fbU3GW 1:24 AM Jan 17th from foursquare Final work is Pierre Cochereau (1924-1984) Variations sur un vieux Noël. #AmSam 11:15 PM Jan 16th Great use of French Horn stop. Howells a bit too fast and accelerandi too exaggerated for my taste. #AmSam 11:11 PM Jan 16th Schmücke dich, O liebe Seele, BWV 654. Flutes, 8, 4 accompanying cornet. Mr Forster seems to be using a few main note trills #AmSam 11:04 PM Jan 16th Organ recital beginning on the new Casavant organ at Christ Church, Bronxville. Stuart Forster. Buxtehude Magnificat is first. #AmSam 10:53 PM Jan 16th Evensong: Byrd responses; Hostis Herodes impie - Sheppard; First Service - Parsons; #AmSam 9:54 PM Jan 16th Appreciate space through teaching #AmSam 8:47 PM Jan 16th Easter Vigils held here in 1935. #AmSam 8:37 PM Jan 16th CS Lewis: unaware of details (dance steps, shoes). Attention on God #AmSam 8:35 PM Jan 16th Deliberate study of liturgy is a matter of pastoral care, worship, theology #AmSam 8:34 PM Jan 16th "We are overwhelmed with choices today" - Fr Bird #AmSam 8:34 PM Jan 16th "Christian worship can never be passive" -Fr Hohly #AmSam 8:22 PM Jan 16th Fr Hohly inspired to congregation to embrace change #AmSam 8:21 PM Jan 16th Morton Stone wasn't willing to stay only with the English expression - he looked East. Hymn 324. CCBNY willing to take risks #AmSam 8:20 PM Jan 16th Hohly moved to more Roman expression to what he would term English use. Reredos added during his time & moved the Altar further East #AmSam 8:17 PM Jan 16th CCBNY built 1925/6. Percy Dearmer's ideas prevalent in building of US churches. #AmSam 8:14 PM Jan 16th Now Fr Michael Bird, rector on the history of the parish. #AmSam 8:11 PM Jan 16th Watched a cool video of mediæval liturgy reenactment: Reconciliation of Penitents on Maundy Thurs #AmSam 8:10 PM Jan 16th "you have to go through the threshold of boredom to discover the beauty and the power" #AmSam 7:17 PM Jan 16th Most solemn feasts have more voices in music of Sheppard. Music reflects added solemnity. #AmSam 7:02 PM Jan 16th Compline separate and more solemn in Lent. In manuas tuas. #AmSam 7:00 PM Jan 16th Services are mostly plainsong or improvised polyphony. Lady chapel is small! Not music for whole cathedral. #AmSam 6:53 PM Jan 16th Pricksong (notes are "pricked") Lady Mass at Workdays, Holy Days & Antiphon on Holy Days #AmSam 6:52 PM Jan 16th Now: deployment of the choral body at Rochester Cathedral 1540s (no longer Benedictine, adopts Sarum liturgy) #AmSam 6:45 PM Jan 16th Cathedral doesn't provide candles for the parish Mass in the Nave. #AmSam 6:43 PM Jan 16th "Polyphony of prayer" was common in cathedrals. #AmSam 6:42 PM Jan 16th Sonic Ceremonial: music and ritual in late medieval England. John Harper #AmSam 6:36 PM Jan 16th Church is out. #AmSam 4:19 PM Jan 16th #AmSamStealth http://twitpic.com/3qmacl 3:57 PM Jan 16th May sit in the balcony and tweet this service. #AmSamStealth 2:32 PM Jan 16th Still waiting to catch the shuttle to Christ Ch, Bronxville for this morning's 10 am liturgy. Jeremy Davies is preaching. #AmSam 2:31 PM Jan 16th 40 days of Christmas at Salisbury #AmSam 8:35 PM Jan 15th We come to God with our empty spaces. God gives us the resources. #AmSam 8:18 PM Jan 15th Jeremy Davies lecture is like poetry, or one of his beautifully crafted prayers. #AmSam 8:07 PM Jan 15th Sarum liturgy orderly, but highly elaborate. #AmSam 8:01 PM Jan 15th God's Patterns - Jeremy Davies. Salisbury: inhabit use work (building & liturgy) #AmSam 7:53 PM Jan 15th The Lord does not speak to us without a parable. Eucharist the "acted sermon of the church" #AmSam 7:07 PM Jan 15th "We have a ritual, and we must use it whether we like it or not" #AmSam 7:06 PM Jan 15th Churches become overlaid with symbolism and are themselves sacramental vessels. #AmSam 7:04 PM Jan 15th Oxford mvt strove for apostolic succession. Dignity of priestly office and sacraments #AmSam 6:47 PM Jan 15th Churches (good ones) "spatial embodiments of sacramental worship." #AmSam 6:43 PM Jan 15th 1824 grant for 450 churches fostered an architectural style known as "commissioner's gothic" (see Thomas Rickman) #AmSam 6:30 PM Jan 15th Revival of Sarum Rite in 19th C. Dr. Doig #AmSam 6:19 PM Jan 15th Conf participant stands to recommend Dr. Harper's "City of the Lord" publ RSCM #AmSam 5:01 PM Jan 15th Medieval liturgy is a sensory "polyphony". Layering of words and action. Elevation is a moment of focus. #AmSam 4:56 PM Jan 15th Britten took Ceremony of Carols procession from an actual processional chant. #AmSam 4:50 PM Jan 15th Procession is its own rite. #AmSam 4:46 PM Jan 15th Meanwhile, Salisbury continues to change. Incense happens at offertory, not Credo #AmSam 4:41 PM Jan 15th 8 to 9 thousand churches then adopt their cathedral's liturgy in the middle ages. #AmSam 4:38 PM Jan 15th Salisbury offered a ready model for non-monastic cathedrals to adopt in the 13th C. #AmSam 4:36 PM Jan 15th Canons were likely living common life by a "monastic-style" rule. #AmSam 4:34 PM Jan 15th John says look at the library of St Gall online #AmSam 4:27 PM Jan 15th Time: Large clock in north nave aisle. Big bell tower outside (demolished 1790) #AmSam 4:23 PM Jan 15th They are obsessed by who does what. Also there's not much separation between things musical and liturgical. #AmSam 4:21 PM Jan 15th Books are very sacred objects #AmSam 4:16 PM Jan 15th Key people: Osmund, Roger le Poer, Jocelin de Bohun & Richard Poore #AmSam 4:09 PM Jan 15th Old Sarum 1075-1220, New Sarum 1220 onward #AmSam 4:03 PM Jan 15th "Use" is Materials (texts, objects) People (office, individual) Place (location, space) & Time (general, local) #AmSam 4:02 PM Jan 15th Previous tweets from Fr. Cody Unterseher's talk. Now, "The Medieval Use of Sarum" by John Harper #AmSam 3:57 PM Jan 15th If in liturgy we do something from the past, we do it *in the present* #AmSam 3:23 PM Jan 15th Brian Spinks has a liturgy shopping mall analogy. What do we have to offer? Clinging to "we've always done it this way" won't cut it. #AmSam 3:18 PM Jan 15th Dearmer sought an English use, not a Baroque Continental one. #AmSam 3:12 PM Jan 15th Percy Dearmer was distressed by ritualism "naughty child of Protestantism" "unworthy of our self-respect" #AmSam 3:11 PM Jan 15th What the ritualists appealed to was forbidden. #AmSam 3:10 PM Jan 15th Processions and ringing of bells forbidden in 1547 by parliament #AmSam 3:09 PM Jan 15th "ornaments" rubric points to Edward VI way of doing things. Points to an unbroken continuity which didn't really exist #AmSam 3:08 PM Jan 15th "Ultimately the Oxford Movement was in search of authentic tradition." #AmSam 3:05 PM Jan 15th Radically different theological and liturgical hard to reconcile. "An idea as impossible as it is noble" #AmSam 3:04 PM Jan 15th "diversity of use" alluded to in first BCP. Movable type theoretically allows for liturgical conformity. #AmSam 3:03 PM Jan 15th Local uses had a lot in common with each other, but not with the Roman Rite. #AmSam 3:01 PM Jan 15th Bradshaw (West. Abbey) points to early Eucharists of fish and water (John 6). #AmSam 2:58 PM Jan 15th Tradition is fundamentally relational. See Fiddler On The Roof. But there is a fundamental lack of liturgical continuity. #AmSam 2:57 PM Jan 15th Liturgy is enacted as received #AmSam 2:53 PM Jan 15th Mundane behaviors acquire sacredness. #AmSam 2:53 PM Jan 15th Brian Harlow is playing Whitlock pieces as voluntaries for AM prayer. New organ is delicious. Sarum Rite: no tweeting during liturgy #AmSam 1:47 PM Jan 15th I'm the cantor for Morning Prayer. #DangersOfTheAfterParty #AmSam 3:19 AM Jan 15th Michael Steele: Tallis Masses are Sarum Rite Masses. No Kyries. #AmSam 2:09 AM Jan 15th Robert Wylkinson (1475-1515) Salve Regina. Glorious. #AmSam. 1:10 AM Jan 15th First half: a brief history of Sarum music (from the 13th C to the Eton Choirbook) #AmSam 12:28 AM Jan 15th Concert by Trinity, Wall Street about to begin. #AmSam 12:20 AM Jan 15th RIC to LGA. headed to American Sarum conference, or #AmSam 5:53 PM Jan 14th Getting all excited for the American Sarum conference, or as I call it on Twitter #AmSam
Labels: authenticity, church music, liturgical space, liturgy, Salisbury Cathedral
©MMXVII Sinden.org: a site for fun and prophet
Looking for Carol Spreadsheets?
Hungry? Try the Liturgical Guide to Altoids Consumption
Thirsty? Try the Tibia Liquida
The Eric Harding Thiman Fan Page: The greatest composer you've never even heard of.
Questions? Problems? email the sexton.
Anglicans Online
Alex Ross: The Rest is Noise
Book of Common Prayer
Brain Pickings
The Daily Office
The Lectionary Page
Sed Angli
Ship of Fools
The Sub-Dean's Stall
Vested Interest - Trinity Church in the City of Boston
Andrew Kotylo - Concert Organist
Aphaeresis
Anne Timberlake
Bonnie Whiting, percussion
conjectural navel gazing: jesus in lint form
Friday Night Organ Pump
Halbert Gober Organs, Inc.
in time of daffodils
Joby Bell, organist
Musical Perceptions
Musings of a Synesthete
My Life as Style, Condition, Commodity.
Nathan Medley, Countertenor
Notes on Music & Liturgy
The Parker Quartet
Roof Crashers & Hem Grabbers
Steven Rickards
That Which We Have Heard & Known
This Side of Lost
Wayward Sisters
Zachary Wadsworth | composer
@DanAhlgren
@dcrean
@ericthebell
@jwombat
@larrydeveney
@nmedley
@samanthaklein
@sopranist
@voxinferior
Advent (Medfield MA)
All Saints, Ashmont (Boston MA)
All Saints (Indianapolis IN)
Atonement (Bronx NY)
Broadway UMC (Indianapolis IN)
Cathedral of All Saints (Albany NY)
Christ Church (Bronxville NY)
Christ Church (Madison IN)
Christ Church (New Haven CT)
Christ Church Cathedral (Indianapolis IN)
Christ's Church (Rye NY)
Church of St. Stephen (Hamden CT)
Congregational (Belmont CA)
Coventry Cathedral (UK)
First UMC (Lancaster SC)
Gloria Dei ELCA (Iowa City IA)
Immanuel Lutheran (St Paul MN)
Immanuel Lutheran (Webster NY)
John Knox PCUSA (Houston TX)
St Andrew (Marblehead MA)
St Andrew's, Oregon Hill (Richmond VA)
St Bartholomew the Great, (London, England)
St James's (Lake Delaware NY)
St James's (Richmond VA)
St James Cathedral (Chicago IL)
St Mary's Cathedral (Memphis TN)
St Matthew and St Timothy (NYC)
St Paul's (Cleveland Heights OH)
St Paul's (Indianapolis IN)
St Paul's Cathedral (Buffalo NY)
St Paul's, K Street (Washington DC)
St Peter's (Lakewood OH)
St Peter's ELCA (NYC)
St Stephen's (Richmond VA
St Thomas (New Haven CT)
St Thomas ELCA (Bloomington IN)
Second PCUSA (Indianapolis IN)
Towson Presbyterian Church (MD)
Tremont Temple Baptist (Boston MA)
Trinity (Indianapolis IN)
Trinity on the Green (New Haven CT)
selling diphthongs?
Yes, but they're not the kind you buy on Wheel of Fortune.
the owner of a bower at Bucklesfordberry?
Full daintily it is dight.
interested in touch lamps?
And fountain pens.